Non-invasive ventilation has been shown to decrease the risk of intubation in all the following disease processes, except:

Which of the following medications can be used in the management of urgent or emergent hyperkalemia (select all that apply, 7 correct answers)?

Which of the following statements regarding proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) for patients with cirrhosis with acute variceal hemorrhage is correct?

Which of the following best describes this patient’s acid-base disturbance?

Na 128, K 4.5, Cl 96, CO₂ 12, pH 7.1, PaCO₂ 36

Which of the following statements regarding spontaneous awakening trials (SATs) and spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) are correct (select all that apply, 3 correct answers)?

You are starting a patient on heated high-flow nasal cannula for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Which variables can be set on the device (select all that apply, 2 correct answers)?

All the following patients require renal replacement therapy. Which patient is a potential candidate for intermittent hemodialysis?

All the following are contraindications to adenosine, except:

Which of the following interventions have been shown to decrease mortality for patients with moderate/severe ARDS (select all that apply, 2 correct answers)?

Which medication has been associated with faster reversal of vasopressor-refractory septic shock?

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with cardiogenic shock and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. The patient’s vitals: T 36.2, HR 85, BP 70/45 mmHg (MAP 53), RR 24, SpO₂ 88% on 6 L/min nasal cannula. Physical exam is notable for cool extremities, delayed capillary refill, and 3+ peripheral edema. Relevant labs include a serum creatinine of 3.5 mg/dL (patient’s baseline 0.8 mg/dL). A chest radiograph shows pulmonary edema.

Which of the following combinations represent the best initial approach to treatment?

A 55-year-old man is admitted to the intensive care unit in shock. You are unable to obtain any information regarding his medical history or health prior to admission. His vitals: T 35.8, HR 110, BP 75/50 mmHg (MAP 58), RR 24, SpO₂ 90% on 6 L/min nasal cannula. Physical exam is notable for cool extremities, delayed capillary refill, and no peripheral edema. You attempt to perform a cardiac ultrasound but are unable to visualize the right or left ventricle. The inferior vena cava does not appear collapsible. Lung ultrasound is notable for bilateral B-lines in all lung fields.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A male patient is intubated for ARDS. The patient is 6’1” (185 cm) and weighs 100 kg (ideal body weight 80 kg, BMI 29). The patient is on a volume control mode of ventilation. What is the most appropriate initial tidal volume setting for this patient?

A patient is transferred to the intensive care unit for management of severe alcohol withdrawal. Shortly after transfer to the ICU the patient aspirates and requires intubation for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Which of the following is the best analgesia/sedation combination for this patient?

A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction develops cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Which of the following oxygen delivery devices has been associated with faster improvements in respiratory distress, decreased risk of intubation, and decreased risk of mortality for this patient population?

Norepinephrine acts on which of the following receptors (select all that apply, 2 correct answers)?

Which of the following statements comparing normal saline and balanced crystalloids are correct (select all that apply, 2 correct answers)?

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with hemorrhagic shock from gastroduodenal artery bleeding due to a posterior duodenal ulcer. The massive transfusion protocol (MTP) is activated. Which of the following statements best describes an evidence-based approach to enacting the MTP?

Which of the following statements regarding amiodarone are correct (select all that apply, 3 correct answers)?

A narrowed (i.e., decreased) pulse pressure is typically associated with which types of shock (select all that apply, 3 correct answers)?